Overview of Java
What is Java?
Java is a technology that is secured, object-oriented,multi-threaded, robust, etc. It has numerous features that make Java very versatile technology as a programming language for making desktop as well as web applications.
It is a programming language and a software-based platform that runs on the hardware-based platform because it consists of its own API and hardware tools.
Java was originally developed by Sun microsystems in 1991. (later merged to oracle corporation). The first version of java was released in 1995.later updated versions were released with new functionalities and features. We will see a description of JDK versions later in this tutorial.
What is an object-oriented programming language?
Object-oriented programming language is a high-level language that works on objects. An object-oriented programming language supports object-oriented programming concepts which include objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, abstraction, polymorphism.
What are the advantages of object-oriented programming language?
The main advantage of any object-oriented programming language is oops concepts. for example by inheritance we can get the behavior of parent class to child classes. we can build the relationship between parent and child objects. so by these features, we can reuse our code or modify our code without any difficulty.
Which languages are object-oriented languages?
Languages like C,C++,Java,Simula,Smalltalk,PHP,etc are some examples of object-oriented languages.
Is Java a pure object-oriented programming language?
Pure object-oriented programming language is that which does not support primitive data type and works only on objects. since java supports primitive data types like int, short, char, etc so it is not a pure object-oriented programming language.
Which are pure object-oriented programming languages?
Some pure object-oriented languages are Smalltalk, ruby, scala, JADE, Emerald, etc.
Which is the first pure object-oriented programming language?
Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language.it is basically used for simulation purposes.
Now moving again towards java, learning and implementation of java are easy but for that, we should know the basic terms and some description of java before starting making programs. In this tutorial, we will do a complete study of java and see example programs that help us in building concepts.
Here are certain points about Java: -
1) Java is a high-level programming language.
2) It is an object-oriented programming language.
3) Java works on objects.
4) In Java, we define a class to implement certain functionalities.
5) In Java, functions are replaced by methods.
6) In java, libraries are replaced by packages.
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| Figure showing package consist of Classes and Interfaces. |
7) Packages are a collection of classes and interfaces.
8) For writing a Java program, we need to create a class.
9) The class contains methods and variables.
10) Some inbuilt packages are defined in Java for particular functionalities.
11) Java is not purely object-oriented.
12) Java is highly known for making secured applications.
13) Java does not support pointers.
14) Java does not support operator overloading.
15) Java does not support multiple inheritances.
16) We can make both desktop and web applications with java.
17) Unlike c++, we do not need to include header files in java.
18) Java is case sensitive.
19) Billions of devices run java.
20) We can use different IDEs like Netbeans, Eclipse, etc for developing java applications.
Differences between C++ and Java programming language :
C++ | Java |
1) We need to include header files in the C++ program | 1) We do not need to include header files in java |
2) C++ is much faster in speed | 2) Java is slow in speed comparatively C++ |
3) Support of pointer is in C++ | 3) Java do not support pointers |
4) Complicate to learn comparatively java | 4) Less complicate to learn than C++ |
5) operator overloading is present in C++ | 5) Java do not support operator overloading |
6) Multiple inheritance support is present in C++ | 6) Java do not support multiple inheritances, but we can achieve it by using the interface in java |
7) C++ is platform dependent | 7) Java is platform-independent |
8) We can use destructor in C++ | 8) Java does not support the destructor. Instead of it java use automatic garbage collection |
9) No inbuilt thread support. | 9) Inbuilt thread support is present in Java |
10) C++ has template support | 10) Java does not have template support. |
11) C++ using suffix like .cpp , etc as file extension | 11) .java file represents java file |
What is API?
API or An application programming interface is basically a collection of necessary classes and interfaces in the form of packages that provides multiple functionalities.
Why we need APIs?
We need APIs to get ready-made functionalities that we can utilize in our application.Java framework has given many APIs for helping developers to build applications.
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