XML Interview Questions
1) Define What is XML?
XML (Extensible Markup Language), also known as document formatting language is used for creating web pages. HTML or the Hypertext markup language is not extensible which gives XML a great application because of its ability to define new elements. The language is used for data storage and transport and has nothing to do with data display. In the case of HTML, the user tags are pre-defined but such is not the case with XML, therefore, users can create their own.
2) List some features of XML?
XML or the Extensible Markup Language has some amazing features that are easy when it comes to implementation and learning. Some of the remarkable ones are:
The XML files require no editors, as they are text-only.
When it comes to Syntax rules, XML has only a few of them.
The language is known for being extensible which specifies the tags’ structural rules.
3) What is XML Schema?
To define a document made of XML, Schema is used. A schema has certain elements in it such as different Elements & attributes, the Specific child elements, and its order, and element data types.
4) State some benefits of XML?
XML has several benefits to offer such as:
The language is simple to implement and learn
The programming can be done using a text editor
The possibility of defining new tags due to extensibility
Self – explanatory
Has multiple data types
5) What is XML Signature?
XML signature is also known as a digital signature that is W3C recommended. There are two types of signature i.e. detached signature when the document has it outside and enveloping signature when it’s placed inside.
6) Define the three parts of XSL?
There are a total of 3 parts for XSL:
XSLT – It is required for the transformation of the document
XPath – It is required for XML document navigation
XSL-FO – It is required for XML document formatting
7) Is it possible to use graphics in XML?
There is a way to include graphics i.e. using XLink and XPointer. There are several graphics formats that it supports such as GIF, JPG, TIFF, PNG, CGM, EPS, and SVG.
8) List some disadvantages of XML?
There are certain disadvantages too when it comes to XML. For instance, the markup does not allow any overlapping and without defining attributes and elements, XML is nothing more than just a text file.
9) Define the basic XML rules?
There are certain rules that every XML developer has to follow such as:
The root element is a must for XML
The tags must be all closed
The tags of XML are case-sensitive
Proper nesting of tags
There should be no space between tag names
All the attributed values must be quoted
10) What is a well-formed XML document?
A document can be considered well-formed if it is in accordance with certain rules such as all tags must be closed and properly nested, check for tags’ case sensitivity, and closing empty tags by using a forward.
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11) Why has XML been used for development?
There are several reasons for using XML for development such as:
When websites are data-driven
When e-commerce websites need data storage
When data storage and transport is required on the Internet
When there are flat files and the database
Whenever dynamic content has to be generated by implementing different style sheets.
12) Why should we go for XML editor instead of Notepad?
XML editors allow building an error-proof XML document which is then validated against either of the two i.e. Schema or DTD. There are several reasons to use XML editors because they can check both open and closed tags, they can validate against DTD and Schema. The editor can also check the color code on the syntax of XML.
13) Define Complex Element?
The element, which has attributes and supposedly other different elements, is known as complex elements. A complex element may contain empty elements, only text or both text and element, etc.
14) What are the types of XML Parsers?
The XML parsers are of two types i.e. Non-Validating and Validating. If it’s a validating parser, it will validate XML against DTD, and if it's non-validating, it will not validate XML against DTD.
15) Define XLink and XPointer?
In XML files, hyperlinks can be created using XLink. To point the hyperlinks to more specific points, XPointer is used.
16) What do you mean by nested elements in XML?
When root elements nest one or two elements, its called nested elements. Through nesting, an XML document can be kept in order and makes it easier to understand.
17) Is there any way that HTML can be replaced with XML?
None of either language can replace each other but yes XML is a good alternative to HTML. XML just has some extraordinary features such as defining new elements and creating markups for data storage and processing.
18) Define SGML?
SGML, a generalized markup language, is both powerful and large. It can be used for defining the structural descriptions of the different electronic documents.
19) Define XSL?
To express style sheets in XML, XSL is used. It is a language that helps you with XML document display.
20) Define CDATA?
CDATA is also known as character data that is unparsed or non-validated. To validate, it can be parsed using an XML parser.
The illegal Character in XML are < and >
A CDATA begins with <![CDATA[” and ends with “]]>”.
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